| Summary: | Weight gain has been associated with behaviors related to diet, sedentary lifestyle, and
physical activity. We investigated dietary patterns and possible meaningful clustering of physical
activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep time in Spanish children and adolescents and whether the
identified clusters could be associated with overweight. Analysis was based on a subsample
(n = 415) of the cross-sectional ANIBES study in Spain. We performed exploratory factor analysis
and subsequent cluster analysis of dietary patterns, physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and sleep
time. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association between the cluster solutions
and overweight. Factor analysis identified four dietary patterns, one reflecting a profile closer to the
traditional Mediterranean diet. Dietary patterns, physical activity behaviors, sedentary behaviors
and sleep time on weekdays in Spanish children and adolescents clustered into two different groups.
A low physical activity-poorer diet lifestyle pattern, which included a higher proportion of girls, and
a high physical activity, low sedentary behavior, longer sleep duration, healthier diet lifestyle pattern.
Although increased risk of being overweight was not significant, the Prevalence Ratios (PRs) for the
low physical activity-poorer diet lifestyle pattern were >1 in children and in adolescents. The healthier
lifestyle pattern included lower proportions of children and adolescents from low socioeconomic status backgrounds.
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