Stereological estimates of glutamatergic, GABAergic, and cholinergic neurons in the pedunculopontine and laterodorsa tegmental nuclei in the rat
The pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPN) and laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDT) are functionally associated brainstem structures implicated in behavioral state control and sensorimotor integration. The PPN is also involved in gait and posture, while the LDT plays a role in reward. Both nuclei...
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| Format: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| Language: | eng |
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Frontiers Media
2023
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10171/65599 |
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| author | Luquin, E. (Esther) Huerta, I. (Ibone) Aymerich, M.S. (María S.) Mengual, E. (Elisa) |
| author_facet | Luquin, E. (Esther) Huerta, I. (Ibone) Aymerich, M.S. (María S.) Mengual, E. (Elisa) |
| author_sort | Luquin, E. (Esther) |
| collection | DSpace |
| description | The pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPN) and laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDT) are functionally associated brainstem structures implicated in behavioral state control and sensorimotor integration. The PPN is also involved in gait and posture, while the LDT plays a role in reward. Both nuclei comprise characteristic cholinergic neurons intermingled with glutamatergic and GABAergic cells whose absolute numbers in the rat have been only partly established. Here we sought to determine the complete phenotypical profile of each nucleus to investigate potential differences between them. Counts were obtained using stereological methods after the simultaneous visualization of cholinergic and either glutamatergic or GABAergic cells. The two isoforms of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), GAD65 and GAD67, were separately analyzed. Dual in situ hybridization revealed coexpression of GAD65 and GAD67 mRNAs in ∼90% of GAD-positive cells in both nuclei; thus, the estimated mean numbers of (1) cholinergic, (2) glutamatergic, and (3) GABAergic cells in PPN and LDT, respectively, were (1) 3,360 and 3,650; (2) 5,910 and 5,190; and (3) 4,439 and 7,599. These data reveal significant differences between PPN and LDT in their relative phenotypical composition, which may underlie some of the functional differences observed between them. The estimation of glutamatergic cells was significantly higher in the caudal PPN, supporting the reported functional rostrocaudal segregation in this nucleus. Finally, a small subset of cholinergic neurons (8% in PPN and 5% in LDT) also expressed the glutamatergic marker Vglut2, providing anatomical evidence for a potential corelease of transmitters at specific target areas. |
| format | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| id | oai:dadun.unav.edu:10171-65599 |
| institution | Universidad de Navarra |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oai:dadun.unav.edu:10171-655992023-03-06T06:16:04Z Stereological estimates of glutamatergic, GABAergic, and cholinergic neurons in the pedunculopontine and laterodorsa tegmental nuclei in the rat Luquin, E. (Esther) Huerta, I. (Ibone) Aymerich, M.S. (María S.) Mengual, E. (Elisa) GAD65 GAD67 Vglut2 Basal ganglia Gait Reward The pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPN) and laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDT) are functionally associated brainstem structures implicated in behavioral state control and sensorimotor integration. The PPN is also involved in gait and posture, while the LDT plays a role in reward. Both nuclei comprise characteristic cholinergic neurons intermingled with glutamatergic and GABAergic cells whose absolute numbers in the rat have been only partly established. Here we sought to determine the complete phenotypical profile of each nucleus to investigate potential differences between them. Counts were obtained using stereological methods after the simultaneous visualization of cholinergic and either glutamatergic or GABAergic cells. The two isoforms of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), GAD65 and GAD67, were separately analyzed. Dual in situ hybridization revealed coexpression of GAD65 and GAD67 mRNAs in ∼90% of GAD-positive cells in both nuclei; thus, the estimated mean numbers of (1) cholinergic, (2) glutamatergic, and (3) GABAergic cells in PPN and LDT, respectively, were (1) 3,360 and 3,650; (2) 5,910 and 5,190; and (3) 4,439 and 7,599. These data reveal significant differences between PPN and LDT in their relative phenotypical composition, which may underlie some of the functional differences observed between them. The estimation of glutamatergic cells was significantly higher in the caudal PPN, supporting the reported functional rostrocaudal segregation in this nucleus. Finally, a small subset of cholinergic neurons (8% in PPN and 5% in LDT) also expressed the glutamatergic marker Vglut2, providing anatomical evidence for a potential corelease of transmitters at specific target areas. 2023-03-01T12:55:37Z 2023-03-01T12:55:37Z 2018 info:eu-repo/semantics/article https://hdl.handle.net/10171/65599 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess application/pdf Frontiers Media |
| spellingShingle | GAD65 GAD67 Vglut2 Basal ganglia Gait Reward Luquin, E. (Esther) Huerta, I. (Ibone) Aymerich, M.S. (María S.) Mengual, E. (Elisa) Stereological estimates of glutamatergic, GABAergic, and cholinergic neurons in the pedunculopontine and laterodorsa tegmental nuclei in the rat |
| title | Stereological estimates of glutamatergic, GABAergic, and cholinergic neurons in the pedunculopontine and laterodorsa tegmental nuclei in the rat |
| title_full | Stereological estimates of glutamatergic, GABAergic, and cholinergic neurons in the pedunculopontine and laterodorsa tegmental nuclei in the rat |
| title_fullStr | Stereological estimates of glutamatergic, GABAergic, and cholinergic neurons in the pedunculopontine and laterodorsa tegmental nuclei in the rat |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stereological estimates of glutamatergic, GABAergic, and cholinergic neurons in the pedunculopontine and laterodorsa tegmental nuclei in the rat |
| title_short | Stereological estimates of glutamatergic, GABAergic, and cholinergic neurons in the pedunculopontine and laterodorsa tegmental nuclei in the rat |
| title_sort | stereological estimates of glutamatergic, gabaergic, and cholinergic neurons in the pedunculopontine and laterodorsa tegmental nuclei in the rat |
| topic | GAD65 GAD67 Vglut2 Basal ganglia Gait Reward |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10171/65599 |
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