Effect of olive oil consumption on cardiovascular disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes, and all-cause mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Background: Some large prospective studies on olive oil consumption and risk of chronic disease sug- gested protective effects. Objective: We conducted an outcome-wide systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCT) assessing the associatio...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| Language: | eng |
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Elsevier
2023
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10171/66141 |
| _version_ | 1793400162665627648 |
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| author | Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel) Sayon-Orea, C. (Carmen) Bullón-Vela, M. V. (María Vanessa) Bes-Rastrollo, M. (Maira) Rodríguez-Artalejo, F. (Fernando) Yusta-Boyo, M.J. (María José) García-Solano, M. (Marta) |
| author_facet | Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel) Sayon-Orea, C. (Carmen) Bullón-Vela, M. V. (María Vanessa) Bes-Rastrollo, M. (Maira) Rodríguez-Artalejo, F. (Fernando) Yusta-Boyo, M.J. (María José) García-Solano, M. (Marta) |
| author_sort | Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel) |
| collection | DSpace |
| description | Background: Some large prospective studies on olive oil consumption and risk of chronic disease sug-
gested protective effects.
Objective: We conducted an outcome-wide systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort
studies and randomized controlled trials (RCT) assessing the association between olive oil consumption
and the primary risk of 4 different outcomes: cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, type 2 diabetes (T2D)
or all-cause mortality through January 2022.
Methods: Thirty-six studies were included in the systematic review and twenty-seven studies (24 pro-
spective cohorts and 3 different reports from one RCT) were assessed in 4 quantitative random-effects
meta-analyses. They included a total of 806,203 participants with 49,223 CVD events; 1,285,064 par-
ticipants with 58,892 incident cases of cancer; 680,239 participants with 13,389 incident cases of T2D;
and 733,420 participants with 174,081 deaths. Olive oil consumption was most frequently measured with
validated food frequency questionnaires. Studies follow-up ranged between 3.7 and 28 years.
Results: A 16% reduced risk of CVD (relative risk [RR]: 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.76 to 0.94),
standardized for every additional olive oil consumption of 25 g/d was found. No significant association
with cancer risk was observed (RR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.86 to 1.03, per 25 g/d). Olive oil consumption was
associated with a 22% lower relative risk of T2D (RR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.69 to 0.87, per 25 g/d) without
evidence of heterogeneity. Similarly, it was inversely associated with all-cause mortality (RR: 0.89; 95%
CI: 0.85 to 0.93, per 25 g/d). Only the results for T2D were homogeneous. Specific sources of hetero-
geneity for the other 3 outcomes were not always apparent.
Conclusions: Prospective studies supported a beneficial association of olive oil consumption with CVD,
T2D and all-cause mortality, but they did not show any association with cancer risk. |
| format | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| id | oai:dadun.unav.edu:10171-66141 |
| institution | Universidad de Navarra |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oai:dadun.unav.edu:10171-661412023-05-08T05:13:38Z Effect of olive oil consumption on cardiovascular disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes, and all-cause mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel) Sayon-Orea, C. (Carmen) Bullón-Vela, M. V. (María Vanessa) Bes-Rastrollo, M. (Maira) Rodríguez-Artalejo, F. (Fernando) Yusta-Boyo, M.J. (María José) García-Solano, M. (Marta) Mediterranean diet Monounsaturated fat Cancer Cardiovascular disease Diabetes Cohort studies Background: Some large prospective studies on olive oil consumption and risk of chronic disease sug- gested protective effects. Objective: We conducted an outcome-wide systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCT) assessing the association between olive oil consumption and the primary risk of 4 different outcomes: cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, type 2 diabetes (T2D) or all-cause mortality through January 2022. Methods: Thirty-six studies were included in the systematic review and twenty-seven studies (24 pro- spective cohorts and 3 different reports from one RCT) were assessed in 4 quantitative random-effects meta-analyses. They included a total of 806,203 participants with 49,223 CVD events; 1,285,064 par- ticipants with 58,892 incident cases of cancer; 680,239 participants with 13,389 incident cases of T2D; and 733,420 participants with 174,081 deaths. Olive oil consumption was most frequently measured with validated food frequency questionnaires. Studies follow-up ranged between 3.7 and 28 years. Results: A 16% reduced risk of CVD (relative risk [RR]: 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.76 to 0.94), standardized for every additional olive oil consumption of 25 g/d was found. No significant association with cancer risk was observed (RR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.86 to 1.03, per 25 g/d). Olive oil consumption was associated with a 22% lower relative risk of T2D (RR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.69 to 0.87, per 25 g/d) without evidence of heterogeneity. Similarly, it was inversely associated with all-cause mortality (RR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.85 to 0.93, per 25 g/d). Only the results for T2D were homogeneous. Specific sources of hetero- geneity for the other 3 outcomes were not always apparent. Conclusions: Prospective studies supported a beneficial association of olive oil consumption with CVD, T2D and all-cause mortality, but they did not show any association with cancer risk. 2023-05-03T07:36:13Z 2023-05-03T07:36:13Z 2022 info:eu-repo/semantics/article https://hdl.handle.net/10171/66141 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess application/pdf Elsevier |
| spellingShingle | Mediterranean diet Monounsaturated fat Cancer Cardiovascular disease Diabetes Cohort studies Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A. (Miguel Ángel) Sayon-Orea, C. (Carmen) Bullón-Vela, M. V. (María Vanessa) Bes-Rastrollo, M. (Maira) Rodríguez-Artalejo, F. (Fernando) Yusta-Boyo, M.J. (María José) García-Solano, M. (Marta) Effect of olive oil consumption on cardiovascular disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes, and all-cause mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title | Effect of olive oil consumption on cardiovascular disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes, and all-cause mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Effect of olive oil consumption on cardiovascular disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes, and all-cause mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Effect of olive oil consumption on cardiovascular disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes, and all-cause mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of olive oil consumption on cardiovascular disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes, and all-cause mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Effect of olive oil consumption on cardiovascular disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes, and all-cause mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | effect of olive oil consumption on cardiovascular disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| topic | Mediterranean diet Monounsaturated fat Cancer Cardiovascular disease Diabetes Cohort studies |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10171/66141 |
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