Development of Cognitive Abilities through the Abacus in Primary Education Students: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Background: An abacus is an instrument used to perform different arithmetic operations. The objective was to analyze the benefits of mathematical calculations made with an abacus to improve the concentration, attention, memory, perceptive attitudes, and creativity cognitive abilities of primary scho...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI
2021
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10835/10035 https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11020083 |
| _version_ | 1789406715888795648 |
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| author | León, Samuel P. Carcelén Fraile, María del Carmen García Martínez, Inmaculada |
| author_facet | León, Samuel P. Carcelén Fraile, María del Carmen García Martínez, Inmaculada |
| author_sort | León, Samuel P. |
| collection | DSpace |
| description | Background: An abacus is an instrument used to perform different arithmetic operations. The objective was to analyze the benefits of mathematical calculations made with an abacus to improve the concentration, attention, memory, perceptive attitudes, and creativity cognitive abilities of primary school students. (2) Methods: A total of 65 children, aged 7–11 years (8.49 ± 1.65) participated in this randomized controlled clinical trial. The children were randomly distributed into a control group (n = 34) and experimental group (n = 31). The questionnaires used were the D2 test to measure attention and concentration, the Difference Perception Test (FACE-R) test for the perception of differences, the test of immediate auditory memory (AIM), and the test to evaluate creative intelligence (CREA). (3) Results: No significant differences were found between both groups before the intervention. Significant improvements were observed in the cognitive parameters of concentration, memory, perceptive attitudes, and creativity after the intervention, using the abacus, with respect to the control group. (4) Conclusions: It is demonstrated that a calculation program based on the use of the abacus for 8 weeks has beneficial effects on the cognitive capacities of concentration, immediate auditory memory, perceptive attitudes, and creativity. In addition, the benefits of using the abacus to improve cognitive attitudes are reported. |
| format | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| id | oai:repositorio.ual.es:10835-10035 |
| institution | Universidad de Cuenca |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oai:repositorio.ual.es:10835-100352023-04-12T19:15:44Z Development of Cognitive Abilities through the Abacus in Primary Education Students: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial León, Samuel P. Carcelén Fraile, María del Carmen García Martínez, Inmaculada abacus intervention calculus cognitive ability children Background: An abacus is an instrument used to perform different arithmetic operations. The objective was to analyze the benefits of mathematical calculations made with an abacus to improve the concentration, attention, memory, perceptive attitudes, and creativity cognitive abilities of primary school students. (2) Methods: A total of 65 children, aged 7–11 years (8.49 ± 1.65) participated in this randomized controlled clinical trial. The children were randomly distributed into a control group (n = 34) and experimental group (n = 31). The questionnaires used were the D2 test to measure attention and concentration, the Difference Perception Test (FACE-R) test for the perception of differences, the test of immediate auditory memory (AIM), and the test to evaluate creative intelligence (CREA). (3) Results: No significant differences were found between both groups before the intervention. Significant improvements were observed in the cognitive parameters of concentration, memory, perceptive attitudes, and creativity after the intervention, using the abacus, with respect to the control group. (4) Conclusions: It is demonstrated that a calculation program based on the use of the abacus for 8 weeks has beneficial effects on the cognitive capacities of concentration, immediate auditory memory, perceptive attitudes, and creativity. In addition, the benefits of using the abacus to improve cognitive attitudes are reported. 2021-03-04T08:11:33Z 2021-03-04T08:11:33Z 2021-02-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2227-7102 http://hdl.handle.net/10835/10035 https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11020083 en https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7102/11/2/83 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess MDPI |
| spellingShingle | abacus intervention calculus cognitive ability children León, Samuel P. Carcelén Fraile, María del Carmen García Martínez, Inmaculada Development of Cognitive Abilities through the Abacus in Primary Education Students: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial |
| title | Development of Cognitive Abilities through the Abacus in Primary Education Students: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial |
| title_full | Development of Cognitive Abilities through the Abacus in Primary Education Students: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial |
| title_fullStr | Development of Cognitive Abilities through the Abacus in Primary Education Students: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of Cognitive Abilities through the Abacus in Primary Education Students: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial |
| title_short | Development of Cognitive Abilities through the Abacus in Primary Education Students: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial |
| title_sort | development of cognitive abilities through the abacus in primary education students: a randomized controlled clinical trial |
| topic | abacus intervention calculus cognitive ability children |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10835/10035 https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11020083 |
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