Psychological Effects of Motivational Aquatic Resistance Interval Training and Nutritional Education in Older Women
Several studies have demonstrated the positive effects of physical exercise programs on physical and mental health throughout life. It is necessary to know the factors that contribute to the well-being of older adults in order to achieve healthy aging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relat...
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| Format: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI
2021
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10835/13102 |
| _version_ | 1789406356005978112 |
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| author | Martínez-Rodríguez, Alejandro Cuestas-Calero, Bernardo José García-De Frutos, José Manuel Marcos Pardo, Pablo Jorge |
| author_facet | Martínez-Rodríguez, Alejandro Cuestas-Calero, Bernardo José García-De Frutos, José Manuel Marcos Pardo, Pablo Jorge |
| author_sort | Martínez-Rodríguez, Alejandro |
| collection | DSpace |
| description | Several studies have demonstrated the positive effects of physical exercise programs on physical and mental health throughout life. It is necessary to know the factors that contribute to the well-being of older adults in order to achieve healthy aging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between well-being perception and the use of autonomy supportive coaching behaviours across a motivational aquatic resistance interval training program. Thirty-four women over 65 years of age from the province of Alicante, Spain, participated, and were randomly assigned to: motivational aquatic resistance interval training group (MART; age: 69.6 ± 5.01 years, height: 1.62 ± 7.88 m, weight: 75.3 ± 12.8 kg) and control group (CG; age: 67.7 ± 3.60 years, height: 1.54 ± 5.47 m, weight: 66.9 ± 10.2 kg). The MART program was conducted for 14 weeks, with three training sessions/week. The CG did not perform any physical activity during the study. Perception of autonomy support was assessed through the Autonomy-Supportive Coaching Questionnaire (ASCQ), Psychological needs by the Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale (BPNES), Intrinsic motivation to exercise was assessed through Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) and Perception of Physical Activity by the International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ). In MART, compared to CG, significant differences were observed in BPNS, IMI and IPAQ questionnaires used, except in the ASCQ. The differences were significant in all three cases in BPNS (p < 0.05 in autonomy and competence and p = 0.001 in relationship with others), obtaining better scores after intervention than previously. As for the IMI scale, significant differences were also obtained in both subscales. The level of physical activity also improved significantly, with higher scores on the IPAQ after the intervention than before (p < 0.001). In conclusion, when practitioners perceive greater well-being, satisfaction of their basic psychological needs, greater self-selection, volition, and autonomy instead of pressure, demand and control, the result is better behaviour with greater psychological well-being, adherence and consequent health benefits. |
| format | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| id | oai:repositorio.ual.es:10835-13102 |
| institution | Universidad de Cuenca |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oai:repositorio.ual.es:10835-131022023-04-12T19:12:02Z Psychological Effects of Motivational Aquatic Resistance Interval Training and Nutritional Education in Older Women Martínez-Rodríguez, Alejandro Cuestas-Calero, Bernardo José García-De Frutos, José Manuel Marcos Pardo, Pablo Jorge exercise well-being physical performance ageing older adults Several studies have demonstrated the positive effects of physical exercise programs on physical and mental health throughout life. It is necessary to know the factors that contribute to the well-being of older adults in order to achieve healthy aging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between well-being perception and the use of autonomy supportive coaching behaviours across a motivational aquatic resistance interval training program. Thirty-four women over 65 years of age from the province of Alicante, Spain, participated, and were randomly assigned to: motivational aquatic resistance interval training group (MART; age: 69.6 ± 5.01 years, height: 1.62 ± 7.88 m, weight: 75.3 ± 12.8 kg) and control group (CG; age: 67.7 ± 3.60 years, height: 1.54 ± 5.47 m, weight: 66.9 ± 10.2 kg). The MART program was conducted for 14 weeks, with three training sessions/week. The CG did not perform any physical activity during the study. Perception of autonomy support was assessed through the Autonomy-Supportive Coaching Questionnaire (ASCQ), Psychological needs by the Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale (BPNES), Intrinsic motivation to exercise was assessed through Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) and Perception of Physical Activity by the International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ). In MART, compared to CG, significant differences were observed in BPNS, IMI and IPAQ questionnaires used, except in the ASCQ. The differences were significant in all three cases in BPNS (p < 0.05 in autonomy and competence and p = 0.001 in relationship with others), obtaining better scores after intervention than previously. As for the IMI scale, significant differences were also obtained in both subscales. The level of physical activity also improved significantly, with higher scores on the IPAQ after the intervention than before (p < 0.001). In conclusion, when practitioners perceive greater well-being, satisfaction of their basic psychological needs, greater self-selection, volition, and autonomy instead of pressure, demand and control, the result is better behaviour with greater psychological well-being, adherence and consequent health benefits. 2021-12-16T18:37:17Z 2021-12-16T18:37:17Z 2021-12-01 info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2227-9032 http://hdl.handle.net/10835/13102 10.3390/healthcare9121665 en https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/9/12/1665 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess MDPI |
| spellingShingle | exercise well-being physical performance ageing older adults Martínez-Rodríguez, Alejandro Cuestas-Calero, Bernardo José García-De Frutos, José Manuel Marcos Pardo, Pablo Jorge Psychological Effects of Motivational Aquatic Resistance Interval Training and Nutritional Education in Older Women |
| title | Psychological Effects of Motivational Aquatic Resistance Interval Training and Nutritional Education in Older Women |
| title_full | Psychological Effects of Motivational Aquatic Resistance Interval Training and Nutritional Education in Older Women |
| title_fullStr | Psychological Effects of Motivational Aquatic Resistance Interval Training and Nutritional Education in Older Women |
| title_full_unstemmed | Psychological Effects of Motivational Aquatic Resistance Interval Training and Nutritional Education in Older Women |
| title_short | Psychological Effects of Motivational Aquatic Resistance Interval Training and Nutritional Education in Older Women |
| title_sort | psychological effects of motivational aquatic resistance interval training and nutritional education in older women |
| topic | exercise well-being physical performance ageing older adults |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10835/13102 |
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