Analysis of Environmental Taxes to Finance Wastewater Treatment in Spain: An Opportunity for Regeneration?
The treatment of wastewater, financed through environmental taxes, is key to the development of a sustainable economy. The objective of this study is to verify whether the tax loads on wastewater discharges applied in Spain are effective, allowing the costs of secondary and tertiary treatments to be...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI
2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10835/7352 |
| _version_ | 1789406559718080512 |
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| author | Gallego Valero, Leticia Moral Pajares, Encarnación Román Sánchez, Isabel María Sánchez Pérez, José Antonio |
| author_facet | Gallego Valero, Leticia Moral Pajares, Encarnación Román Sánchez, Isabel María Sánchez Pérez, José Antonio |
| author_sort | Gallego Valero, Leticia |
| collection | DSpace |
| description | The treatment of wastewater, financed through environmental taxes, is key to the development of a sustainable economy. The objective of this study is to verify whether the tax loads on wastewater discharges applied in Spain are effective, allowing the costs of secondary and tertiary treatments to be financed. First, the revenues collected from taxes related to the discharge of wastewater in the different Spanish regions, which reach an average value of 0.72 €/m3, are analysed. Second, the costs of secondary wastewater treatment, prolonged aeration, activated sludge with nutrient removal, and activated sludge without nutrient removal are studied. Additionally, the costs of tertiary treatments, with environmental objectives and for reuse purposes, are considered. The analysis carried out reveals high heterogeneity in the amounts collected through taxes in the different Autonomous Communities. In some cases, these amounts do not cover the costs of the treatments. An urgent review is therefore required of the financing systems applied in order to secure a level of income that can cover all the exploitation and investment costs incurred. |
| format | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| id | oai:repositorio.ual.es:10835-7352 |
| institution | Universidad de Cuenca |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oai:repositorio.ual.es:10835-73522023-04-12T19:08:05Z Analysis of Environmental Taxes to Finance Wastewater Treatment in Spain: An Opportunity for Regeneration? Gallego Valero, Leticia Moral Pajares, Encarnación Román Sánchez, Isabel María Sánchez Pérez, José Antonio sanitation depuration costs depuration treatments reuse sanitary tax The treatment of wastewater, financed through environmental taxes, is key to the development of a sustainable economy. The objective of this study is to verify whether the tax loads on wastewater discharges applied in Spain are effective, allowing the costs of secondary and tertiary treatments to be financed. First, the revenues collected from taxes related to the discharge of wastewater in the different Spanish regions, which reach an average value of 0.72 €/m3, are analysed. Second, the costs of secondary wastewater treatment, prolonged aeration, activated sludge with nutrient removal, and activated sludge without nutrient removal are studied. Additionally, the costs of tertiary treatments, with environmental objectives and for reuse purposes, are considered. The analysis carried out reveals high heterogeneity in the amounts collected through taxes in the different Autonomous Communities. In some cases, these amounts do not cover the costs of the treatments. An urgent review is therefore required of the financing systems applied in order to secure a level of income that can cover all the exploitation and investment costs incurred. 2020-01-16T09:39:56Z 2020-01-16T09:39:56Z 2018-02-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2073-4441 http://hdl.handle.net/10835/7352 en https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/10/2/226 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess MDPI |
| spellingShingle | sanitation depuration costs depuration treatments reuse sanitary tax Gallego Valero, Leticia Moral Pajares, Encarnación Román Sánchez, Isabel María Sánchez Pérez, José Antonio Analysis of Environmental Taxes to Finance Wastewater Treatment in Spain: An Opportunity for Regeneration? |
| title | Analysis of Environmental Taxes to Finance Wastewater Treatment in Spain: An Opportunity for Regeneration? |
| title_full | Analysis of Environmental Taxes to Finance Wastewater Treatment in Spain: An Opportunity for Regeneration? |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of Environmental Taxes to Finance Wastewater Treatment in Spain: An Opportunity for Regeneration? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Environmental Taxes to Finance Wastewater Treatment in Spain: An Opportunity for Regeneration? |
| title_short | Analysis of Environmental Taxes to Finance Wastewater Treatment in Spain: An Opportunity for Regeneration? |
| title_sort | analysis of environmental taxes to finance wastewater treatment in spain: an opportunity for regeneration? |
| topic | sanitation depuration costs depuration treatments reuse sanitary tax |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10835/7352 |
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